Resumen

This study aims to make a state of the art versus the study of the attribution of guilt to victims of sexual abuse. According to Trujano and Raich (2002), interest in the phenomenon of rape has increased considerably since the 1970s, leading to more scientific research and social awareness. Given this, a series of legal, medical and psychological intervention strategies have recently been developed. According to Afanador and Caballero (2012), sexual crime in Colombia is a national reality and one of the violent factors with the greatest impact on society and the victims, given the circumstances in which most people close to the family and social circle are committed. In Colombia, according to the Federación Nacional de Personería (2015), sexual violence is a crime that mainly violates women, since 86% of the victims are female, in addition, they face barriers to access to justice, which means that 97% of cases remain unpunished. In addition, there is the lack of denunciation on the part of the victims. One of the obstacles by which they abstain from denouncing a sexual assault is the constant questioning of their participation, that is, the prosecution of their complicity or permissiveness before the crime. Faced with this, it is possible to argue that the population maintains various stereotypes and preconceptions about rape that adversely affect perceptions of the victim's credibility and guilt.