Examinando por Materia "Precipitación"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoDistribución espacial de la contaminación por fuentes fijas y su relación con parámetros hidrológicos en la zona oeste del departamento del Tolima(Universidad de Ibagué, 2018) Castrillón Menza, Richard Edinson; Rueda Montealegre, Jorge AntonioIn the department of Tolima there are climatic changes which alter the economic, social and environmental activities. Anthropic activities are affected by the increase in temperature and precipitation which generate changes in plant cover and alterations in water sources. For the development of the research satellite images of the years 1970, 1985, 2000, 2005, 2013 and 2018 were used, which are made atmospheric corrections through the IDRISI program, after this the Vegetation Index (NDVI) is made, water index (NDI), and soil surface temperature (LST). As a result in different rates found a rise in temperature, which is a factor that is inversely proportional to the amount of vegetation and water existing in the population.
- PublicaciónRestringidoEvaluación de diferentes métodos de interpolación para la variable precipitación en el departamento del Tolima-Colombia(Universidad de Ibagué, 2018) García Góngora, Juliana Valentina; Valderrama Mactorel, Cristian Mateo; Hernández López, Jorge ArmandoPrecipitation is an element of the climate whose spatio-temporal distribution is extremely variable, it has few measuring instruments and high certainty about the more or less rainy areas of a specific territory. The best option is to interpolate by deterministics and geo-statistical methods the rainfall values at a given scale. Using the daily rainfall records from the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM) of 93 meteorological stations located in Tolima’s department, the advantages of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used as a tool for geo-statistical analysis, for the optimization and planning of the environment through four interpolation methods (IDW, Global Polynomial Interpolation, Ordinary Kriging and Universal Kriging). After evaluating the methods and evidencing the spatial level behavior of each one, the final propose is to establish the ideal deterministic or geostatistical interpolation method for precipitation data in the department of Tolima. Concluding the study, one of the methods more in line with the physiology of this department commits to the Ordinary Kriging interpolation method because it shows the lower prediction error and the better interpolated surface.
- PublicaciónRestringidoModelación de la disponibilidad hídrica de río Guatiquía (Meta) en escenarios de cambio climático(Universidad de Ibagué, 2018) Díaz Ureña, Juan Daniel; Peña Rojas, Luis EduardoThe Guatiquía River is located in the department of Meta, in central Colombia; it has its source in the Chingaza moor in Cundinamarca and its mouth in the Humea River in Meta, to then carry its waters to the Meta River. The riverbed of the Guatiquía River is neighboring the city of Villavicencio and it is in charge of supplying the aqueduct of the capital of the department (CORMACARENA, UAESPNN, & CAEMA, 2009). Based on the foregoing considerations, the effects of climate change on the Guatiquía River were analyzed. According to the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies IDEAM in its third national communication of Colombia predicted for the Guatiquía River basin a reduction in rainfall of up to 20% and by 2100 is expected a temperature increase of 2.5°C in the department. (IDEAM, PNUD, MADS, DNP, & CANCILLERÍA, 2017). The fundamental aspect to evaluate of the Guatiquía River in the face of climate change scenarios is the supply capacity of the Villavicencio aqueduct. The water availability of the river will be determined in climate change scenarios by means of hydrological balance models. For Andray (1997) a hydrological balance model is the calculation method to evaluate the water retention capacity of the soil. When the soil completes its capacity to store water, all water inputs, mainly precipitation, become groundwater or surface water flows. From the values of precipitation, temperature and the physical characteristics of the soil, in a defined time interval, a hydrological model can recreate the flow of surface water that occurs in the area.