Examinando por Materia "Lichens"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoDinámica de calidad atmosférica a través de un gradiente de elevación en la cuenca del Rio Combeima(Universidad de Ibagué., 2019) Pedroza Santafe, Daniel Felipe; Diaz Monsalve, Juan David; Moreno Palacios, Miguel Cesar; Torres Benítez, Alfredo JoséThe present study evaluated the dynamics of the atmospheric quality and determined in a preliminary way its relation with the index of atmospheric purity and the index of liquid diversity, through a gradient of elevation in the basin of the river Combeima, where seven stations of sampling, randomly selecting 10 trees per stations for a total of 70 points. The lichen species present in each forophyte were collected and the most abundant were Parmotrema cf. bangii (29.2%, 1914 cm2) followed by Pyxine pyxinoides. (7.78%, 918 cm2), Fissurina cf. rufula (6.28%, 741 cm2); In addition, measurements of the O3, NO2, S02 and CO gases were made using an Aeroqual S500. The analysis of variance found significant differences in the concentration of the four gases between stations: NO2 (n = 6, H = 165.95, p = <0.0001), SO2 (n = 6, H = 870.18, p = <0.0001), O3 (n = 6, H = 183.35, p = <0.0001) and CO (n = 6 H = 43.16, p => 0.9999). On the other hand, Spearman correlation tests were performed and it could be demonstrated that the LDV was the index that best correlated with the four gases, mainly with NO2 (-0.89) and highly significant (0.0287). likewise, the Shannon, Dominance and Margalef indices were used, where station four obtained the highest average values of wealth and diversity, while the Dominance index was higher for station one. Finally, a non-parametric variance analysis (Kruskal Wallis) was performed to correlate the behavior of atmospheric gases with atmospheric quality indices.
- PublicaciónRestringidoDiversidad de líquenes cortícolas en el bosque subandino el espejo de la microcuenca de la quebrada Ambalá en la ciudad de Ibagué.(Universidad de Ibagué., 2018) Zárate Arias, Santiago Nicolas; Torres, Alfredo José; Moreno Palacios, Miguel
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoElaboración de una crema bloqueadora a partir del extracto metanólico del liquen Usnea subfloridana Stirton(Universidad de Ibagué, 2018) Barragán Novoa, Nicolás; García Beltrán, Olimpo JoséColombia is a country rich in diversity of species of flora, fauna and natural resources, occupying the second place in the world among the megabiodiverse countries and with the highest species richness (groups of ferns, mosses and lichens) in the Neotropical region. Within the country, the Andean or cordilleran region is identified as the one with the greatest diversity, registering a number of 1,396 species. In the group of lichens, more than 800 secondary metabolites have been identified, among which are the usnic compounds, which have been of great interest due to their high potential as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, antitumor agents and ultraviolet light absorbers (UV). The objective of this study was to perform the extraction, separation, purification and chemical identification of the family of major secondary metabolites present in lichen U. Subfloridana, take advantage of the absorption properties of UV light and make a cream to determine its photoprotective capacity by analysis in vitro of the sun protection factor (SPF), providing a product with natural filter necessary for the daily protection of the sun.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoEvaluación de la calidad atmosférica en zonas de tráfico vehicular y zonas verdes en el municipio de Melgar-Tolima, por medio de índices basados en comunidades liquénicas(Universidad de Ibagué., 2019) Villarraga Arteaga, Carolina; Sánchez Angarita, Daniela; Moreno Palacios, Miguel; Torres Benítez, Alfredo JoséLichens are organisms constituted by the symbiotic association between a fungus and an algae or cyanobacterium. They are characterized because they have no root or cuticle acquiring all nutrients by direct exposure of the atmosphere, for this reason they are very effective air quality bioindicators. The objective of this research was to evaluate the atmospheric quality in vehicular traffic areas and green areas of the municipality of Melgar-Tolima, through indexes based on lichens communities. For this, were selected 10 green zones (ZV) and 10 vehicular traffic zones (ZTV) collecting the lichens species present in each forophyte. The most abundant species were Pyxine pyxinoides (3014 cm2), Crypthotecia sp.3 (2102 cm2) and Crypthotecia sp.1 (1756 cm2). To perform the atmospheric quality assessment of the ZV and ZTV, the Lichens Diversity Index (LDV) was used which showed that the ZV had the highest value. The Atmospheric Purity Index (IPA) modified by Jaramillo and Botero showed that the ZV had a higher value than the ZTV, this same result was evidenced in the IPA index of Le Blanc and Sloover, where it was determined by general linear models that there is a significant difference between the two zones. In addition, the parameters of humidity, temperature, DAP, elevation and height were determined, likewise, the Shannon, Margalef and Dominance indexes were used, where Shannon and Margalef revealed higher values in the ZV, while Dominance was in the ZTV where higher values were presented.
- PublicaciónSólo datosGreen ultrasound-assisted extraction of lichen substances from Hypotrachyna cirrhata. Ethyl lactate, a better extracting agent than methanol toxic organic solvent?(Natural Product Research, 2021-07-28) Sepulveda, Beatriz; Benites, Derin; Albornoz, Laura; Simirgiotis, Mario; Castro, Olivio; Garcia-Beltran, Olimpo; Areche, CarlosFor the first time, we report a green extraction of lichen substances assisted by high power ultrasounds from Hypotrachyna cirrhata using ethyl lactate. This sustainable alternative was comparable, both in isolation and detection of lichen substances, to methanol. In the metabolomic analysis, a total of 77 lichen substances were detected comprising depsides, depsidones, dibenzofurans, organic acids, and lipids. Although the UHPLC/ESI/MS profiles were similar, the antioxidant activity was higher for the ethyl lactate extract. Ethyl lactate can replace toxic organic solvents, such as methanol, in order to provide more sustainable green chemistry methods.
- PublicaciónRestringidoLíquenes cortícolas como bioindicadores de la calidad Atmosférica en reservas naturales de la sociedad civil del municipio de Ibagué(Universidad de Ibagué., 2019) Díaz Villanueva, Estefanía; Morales Nieto, Juan David; Moreno Palacios, Miguél CesarCorticolous lichens, due to their sensibility to atmospheric pollutants, can be utilized as bioindicators. The objective of this research study was to evaluate the atmospheric quality in six Nature Reserves of the Civil Society (RNSC for its acronym in Spanish) in the city of Ibagué, through the implementation of indicators based on the study of corticolous lichen. Ten phorophytes of different species were selected and samples were taken from each one of them, where the most abundant families in the six RNSCs were Arthoniaceae and Roccellaceae; likewise, the most abundant species in the six RNSCs were Physcia undulata and Parmotrema bangii. In order to do the evaluation of the atmospheric quality in the RNSCs, it was necessary to use the indicators based on lichen communities: Lichen Diversity Value (LDV), which showed that the RSCN EntreAguas presents the highest diversity and the RSCN Aguas Frías the lowest. Jaramillo and Botero’s index of atmospheric purity (IAP) showed that the RNCS Orquídeas del Tolima had the highest coverage value and the RSCN Santafé de los Guaduales the lowest. On the other hand, LeBlanc and Sloover’s IAP showed a higher diversity in the RNSC Gaia and minimum values in the RSCN Aguas Frías. The Shannon index showed that the RNSC EntreAguas obtained the highest average value, while the Dominance and Berger-Parker indexes were higher for the RNSC Gaia. Finally, a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was conducted, which allowed to estimate the atmospheric quality in comparative terms.
- PublicaciónSólo datosMetabolomic Analysis of Two Parmotrema Lichens: P. robustum (Degel.) Hale and P. andinum (Mull. Arg.) Hale Using UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS(Molecules, 2017-10-30) Torres-Benítez, Alfredo; Rivera Montalvo, María; Sepúlveda, Beatriz; Castro, Olivio N.; Nagles, Edgar; Simirgiotis, Mario; García-Beltrán, Olimpo; Areche, CarlosLichens are symbiotic associations of fungi with microalgae and/or cyanobacteria. Lichens belonging to the Parmeliaceae family comprise 2700 species of lichens, including the Parmotrema genus which is composed of 300 species. The metabolites of this genus include depsides, depsidones, phenolics, polysaccharides, lipids, diphenylethers and dibenzofurans, which are responsible for the biological activities reported including antidiabetic, antihelmintic, anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, antitumoral, antifungal, and antioxidant enzyme inhibitory. Due to scarce knowledge of metabolomic profiles of Parmotrema species (P. andinum and P. robustum), a full metabolome study based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography- diode array detector-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-orbitrap-mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-orbitrap MS) was performed for a comprehensive characterization of their substances. From the methanolic extracts of these species, a total of 54 metabolites were identified for the first time using this hyphenated technique, including thirty compounds in P. andinum, and thirty-seven in P. robustum. Moreover, two compounds were not identified as known compounds, and could be new structures, according to our data. This report shows that this technique is effective and accurate for rapid chemical identification of lichen substances and the compounds identified could serve as chemotaxonomic markers to differentiate these ruffle lichens.
- PublicaciónSólo datosPhylogenetic Studies and Metabolite Analysis of Sticta Species from Colombia and Chile by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution-Q-Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry(Metabolites, 2022-02-08) Albornoz, Laura; Torres-Benítez, Alfredo; Moreno-Palacios, Miguel; Simirgiotis, Mario J.; Montoya-Serrano, Saúl A.; Sepulveda, Beatriz; Stashenko, Elena; García-Beltrán, Olimpo; Areche, CarlosEleven species of lichens of the genus Sticta, ten of which were collected in Colombia (S. pseudosylvatica S. luteocyphellata S. cf. andina S. cf. hypoglabra, S. cordillerana, S. cf. gyalocarpa S. leucoblepharis, S. parahumboldtii S. impressula, S. ocaniensis) and one collected in Chile (S. lineariloba), were analyzed for the first time using hyphenated liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry. In the metabolomic analysis, a total of 189 peaks were tentatively detected; the analyses were divided in five (5) groups of compounds comprising lipids, small phenolic compounds, saturated acids, terpenes, and typical phenolic lichen compounds such as depsides, depsidones and anthraquinones. The metabolome profiles of these eleven species are important since some compounds were identified as chemical markers for the fast identification of Sticta lichens for the first time. Finally, the usefulness of chemical compounds in comparison to traditional morphological traits to the study of ancestor–descendant relationships in the genus was assessed. Chemical and morphological consensus trees were not consistent with each other and recovered different relationships between taxa.