Examinando por Materia "Impacto ambiental"

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    Análisis del desempeño ambiental producto de la operación logística de poscosecha en la agrocadena del aguacate hass en el Tolima
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2020) Sánchez Hernández, Cristian Daniel; Bermeo Andrade, Helga Patricia; Martínez, Yorladys
    Environmental performance indicators are essential information for every agri supply chain, particularly the impact that production activities have on the environment. This project addresses the problem of estimating the environmental performance of postharvest logistics operations in the Agrisupply chain of avocado hass in the Tolima ‘ACAHT’. By using the following methodologies as guides: PAS2050 (British Standards Institution , 2008), and “The water footprint assessment manual: setting the global standard” (Hoekstra, Chapagain, Aldaya, & Mekonnen, 2011), the estimations were made for the value of the Carbon Footprint (CF) and the Water Fooprint (WF). To estimate the CF, the amount of GHG in the transport operation during its respective combustion process, and in the packing stage where electricity is used in the selection and classification of the fruit was evaluated. With regards to the WF, the operations that use blue water were assessed. Firstly, during the post-harvest stage where a pre-washing takes place and subsequently in the fruit packing stage of the washing process. The value of the indirect use of water by the operators and administrative workers, as well as the washing of equipment was also determined and assessed. The results obtained in the ACAHT were contrasted with the same indicators reported in different avocado exporting countries. Finally, the potential advantages that Colombia could obtain in this matter compared to its international competitors were explored.
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    Caracterización de la cadena de recuperación de llantas usadas en Ibagué
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2019) Basto Murillo, Jorge Luis; Pérez Gutiérrez, Jhon Alexander; García León, Andrés
    The purpose of this research proposal wais to characterize the reverse chain linked to the recovery of used tires in the Ibagué city. The characterization required analyzing the relevant aspects involved in the design such as: knowledge of current legislation for the disposal of this type of waste, which is enshrined in Resolution 1326 of 2017 of the Ministry of Environment and its modifications, the actors that they intervene in the different links, among which are the used tire generators, the description of the collection practices, the storage, the destination of the waste and the final disposal. The overall objective will be achieved by developing three specific objectives. The first is oriented to the description of the legislation in force in the country for the disposal of this waste and the search for relevant aspects to develop the investigation. The second is related to the estimation of used tires that are generated in the city of Ibagué, the flows that follow and the identification of the actors involved in each point of the chain. Finally, the third objective is to carry out a diagnosis that allows for the sizing of the existing environmental, social and economic problems in the recovery chain through the analysis of the information collected and through the field work in the development of the research.
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    Caracterización de la cadena de recuperación de botellas de vidrio en el contexto urbano caso de Ibagué
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2021) Díaz Cifuentes, Juan Diego; Rubio Ospina, Leidy Carolina; García León, Andrés Alberto
    This research is focused on the characterization of the supply chain of glass bottles in the city of Ibagué from the point of view of reverse logistics. The purpose is to know the benefits generated by its recovery and how these influence the economic, social and environmental factors of the city. Being the environmental factor the most affected, considering that in Colombia "about 12 million tons of garbage is generated annually, of which only 8.6% is recycled." The research has 3 specific objectives, in which the conceptual bases and premises that intervene in the characterization of this recovery chain were established through the development of legal and theoretical frameworks. These sections contain background and key concepts for the investigation. In addition, the actors, roles, stakeholders and their interrelationships involved in the recovery of glass bottles were determined. The information was obtained from personal interviews and reports published by the companies of interest and an evaluation was carried out to diagnose the impact of the recovery chain to develop strategies through the SWOT and MAFE matrices.
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    Diseño plan de manejo ambiental para la cantera Matanzas, municipio de Pitalito
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2019) Sánchez Saavedra, William Mauricio; Guevara Delgado, Luis Carlos; Hernández López, Jorge Armando
    During the last few years, the construction industry in the southern area of the department of Huila has been adversely affected due to the limited number of quarries for towing materials; the builders have been forced to resort to the purchase of materials in distant places, which affects the times and final costs of the works. In this sense, the present study seeks to formulate the Environmental Management Plan for the Matanzas quarry, located in the municipality of San Agustín - Huila. The elaboration of the Management Plan will be based on two activities: the construction of the baseline and the identification and assessment of environmental impacts. The first consists in characterizing the biotic, abiotic and social components of the area of influence from primary and secondary information, and the second, in the use of an adequate methodology that allows assessing the possible impacts generated by the project. The main objective of the work is to design the Environmental Management Plan for the Matanzas quarry; this is based on: i) the identification and assessment of environmental impacts and ii) the preparation of the Contingency Plan. As a relevant result it is expected that once the identification and assessment of the impacts is made, and based on the baseline of the project, the feasibility of exploiting materials for the quarry will be confirmed, thus achieving a new source of stone materials in the zone.
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    Estudio de vigilancia tecnológica para la exploración del uso de fibras PET en la industria textil
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2022) Tique Muñoz, María Fernanda; Salazar Camacho, Natalia Andrea; Sánchez Echeverri, Luz Adriana
    Dado el gran impacto ambiental generado por la industria textil, se han propuesto diferentes estrategias tanto a nivel comercial como gubernamental para mitigar dicho problema. Dentro de estas propuestas, el reciclaje se encuentra como pilar fundamental y la transformación de botellas PET en fibras textiles es actualmente una de las alternativas más llamativas en el mercado; sin embargo, uno de los principales inconvenientes es la afectación de algunas de sus propiedades. Partiendo de este punto, el presente trabajo de grado tiene como principal objetivo explorar el uso de fibras PET en la industria textil mediante un estudio de vigilancia tecnológica en donde inicialmente se describe la obtención de fibras PET, luego se describen y caracterizan tratamientos para mejorar sus propiedades y por último se identifican aplicaciones potenciales. Los resultados de este proyecto sirven al mercado y grupos de interés, como base para la toma de decisiones relacionadas con el uso de fibras PET en la industria textil.
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    Evaluación del estado actual de la gestión del estiércol del ganado bovino en Colombia
    (Universidad de Ibagué., 2019) Méndez Pirazan, Camilo Andrés; Delgadillo Mirquez, Liliana
    The world is changing, societies across the planet are experiencing deep transformations; The aspiration to sustainable development requires that uncomfortable tensions are resolved, and new sustainable ideas are recognized. Unsustainable models are creating high levels of stress on our ecosystem that is leading to an irreversible environmental impact, which contributes directly to global warming and the deterioration of the environment. New challenges continue to emerge, and we must face these new hurdles head on with new innovative sustainable projects that will reverse the damage that continues to be seen. Hence the importance of the manure management administration, which will be an important organization to the fulfillment of sustainable development goals. The manure administrations plays a very important role and their contribution is very significant as they guarantee minimum conditions in the mitigation of gases from greenhouse effect. Livestock activity over the years has been developing as one of the participatory activities in the economy of many countries whether it be producers, importers or exporters. It has maintained a level in the bovine census mostly constant. However, like all activity, bovine production has negative impacts on soil, water and air, especially by the generation of greenhouse gases that each individual can release daily. That is why in developed countries they have created and implemented projects, legal documents and standards that support the development of this activity, focused on finding ways to mitigate the impacts of this activity.
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    Evaluación del potencial de energía eléctrica que se puede generar a partir de aguas residuales domesticas (ARD) en el departamento del Tolima
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2022) Aguirre Murillo, Santiago; Hernández, Mauricio
    El presente trabajo de investigación evalúa el potencial de energía eléctrica que se puede generar mediante los procesos de digestión anaerobia realizados en los tratamientos de aguas residuales domesticas (ARD) del departamento del Tolima, con el fin de identificar reducción de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) y ahorros monetarios. Lo anteriormente mencionado, estará sustentado a partir de metodologías realizadas en otros casos de estudio, informes de ARD del departamento suministrados por la corporación autónoma regional Cortolima y la indagación de leyes regulatorias para el control de recursos hídricos como la tasa retributiva, el decreto 631 del año 2015, decreto 2667 de 2012, entre otros. Los resultados obtenidos, están motivados por los índices de GEI, que se quieren reducir, debido al compromiso mundial adquirido por Colombia en el marco del COP 21, donde se estableció reducir 167 millones de toneladas para el año 2030.
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    Impacto del día sin carro y sin moto en la Universidad de Ibagué
    (Universidad de Ibagué., 2020) Ovalle Arteaga, Cesar Augusto; Calderón Gómez, Luis Fernando; Zuluaga, Juan Guillermo
    The present project is prepared in order to carry out a study at the University of Ibagué during the day without a car and without a motorcycle that was carried out on September 19, 2018, which, based on some vehicle capacity that took place in the parking lots of the university during a period from September 1 to September 18 of the same month, which corresponded to the previous days of the day without a car, in the same way there was capacity on September 19 and at the end of September 20 to October 18 so that a database will be created to respond to the objectives of the study. With this database, a comparison was made between the number of motorized and non-motorized vehicles before and after the day without a car to assess the impact this day has in terms of modal change in the university community.
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    Métodos de remoción y usos del mucilago resultante del beneficio del café y posibles impactos ambientales: revisión de literatura
    (Universidad de Ibagué., 2018) Montealegre Nuñez, Juana Maria; Leyton Campos, Humberto
    The mucilage is a gelatinous layer (mesocarp) that results after pulping the coffee. This is an important by-product of the benefit of coffee, since by its components it is considered today of value for the industry. With the development of different technologies, in search of improving the benefit of coffee, we see the need to investigate the potential of the by-products generated from this process, for which we have found methods to reduce the pollution generated, as is the case of mucilage, which gives added value to this by-product. The mucilage is rich in pectins and sugars from which products can be obtained for uses in the food industry, medicines, chemicals, etc. The way to obtain this by-product is important to facilitate its use, that is why methods have been generated to remove the mucilage that allow it to be obtained in a concentrated way and in the same way, it allows to reduce the environmental impact generated by the honey waters (composed of pulp and mucilage) resulting from washing the coffee in the wet mill. The knowledge generated in this research allows to expand the understanding of the ways in which coffee can benefit, the environmental impacts that this generates and methods of mucilage removal, which may have applicability in the search for changes in production systems that are environmentally sustainable and friendly with biodiversity.
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    Modelo de gestión de residuos orgánicos en el Centro de Mercadeo Social Plaza la 28 de Ibagué
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2021) Fernández Villarraga, Laura Daniela; Osorio Escobar, Manuel Fernando; García León, Andrés
    The objective of this research project was to develop a strategy to take advantage of the organic waste generated by Plaza de Mercado la 28 in the city of Ibagué - Tolima. The methodology of the project was based on an investigation of a descriptive nature in which a record, analysis and interpretation of the environmental and social problems generated by the inadequate management given to the waste in PM28 were made, and thus, subsequently developed the composting technique in a practical way, obtaining as a significant result a natural fertilizer (100% organic) that serves to plant plants, improve soils and finally that contributes to reducing the problems that these originate, additionally, resolution 2184 of 2019 "Code of Colors", through visits to PM28 and delivery of brochures. The result of this project was the design of the management model of the PM28 of Ibagué - Tolima, which served to generate an alternative for the social and economic use of the market place.
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    Propuesta de un Sistema de Gestión Ambiental para el proceso de producción de concreto basado en la Norma ISO 14001 del 2015 para la empresa Concretos de Ibagué S.A.S ubicada en la ciudad de Ibagué, Tolima
    (Universidad de Ibagué, 2020) Aguirre Lombana, Andrés Felipe; Pérez, Carlos Andrés
    El presente trabajo de investigación es la propuesta de un diseño de un sistema de gestión ambiental para el proceso de producción de concreto basado en la norma ISO 14001 del 2015 para la empresa Concretos de Ibagué S.A.S, ubicada en la ciudad de Ibagué, Tolima, siendo una empresa productora y comercializadora de concretos, morteros, servicios, administración de obras y alquiler de equipos, pero que tiene como principal actividad la producción y comercialización de concreto premezclado. La propuesta fue planteada a la empresa Concretos de Ibagué S.A.S, debido a que lleva pocos años funcionando en el mercado, a raíz de esto, es claro que son muchas las falencias que se presentan a la hora de cumplir con todas sus obligaciones ambientales y, en efecto, sus operaciones y procesos productivos arrojan contaminantes presentadas de muchas maneras al ambiente, por estas y muchas más razones se prevé el diseño del sistema de gestión ambiental basado en la norma ISO 14001:2015, el cual brindará muchas herramientas para minimizar y/o mitigar estos aspectos y cumplir con sus obligaciones ambientales.
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    Sumando Responsabilidades Núm. 3
    (Responsabilidad Social Integral, 2018-11) Guzmán Torres, Leidy Tatiana; Sánchez López, Juan Camilo; Agredo Bríñez, Jenny Lorena; Hernández Sarabia, Mauricio; Rojas Forero, Geisler Dayani; Ortiz Morales, Gloria Leonor; León Grimaldos, María Victoria; Peñaloza Kairuz, Eduardo; Barrios Sánchez, Elsa Edid; Álvarez Bustos, Mónica del Pilar; Beltrán Tovar, Edna Catherine; Palma Oliveros, Valentina; Sánchez Quijano, Frank; López Garay, Hernán